R.C&A.T+Copper+Reaction


 * < **Caption** ||< **Pictures** ||< **Analyze** ||
 * < Copper in the Beginning ||< [[image:Copper_In_the_Beginning_.jpg width="332" height="250"]] ||< Due to the copper coming in contact with our hands, Impurities such as skin cells, germs, and oil could have been left on the copper. ||
 * **Reaction 1:**
 * Dissolve Copper in Nitric Acid**

Copper Reaction with Nitric Acid

Brown gas produced is a mixture of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and water (H2O) || || Copper ions could have escaped with the NO₂ gas. ||
 * Copper (II) Nitrate || [[image:Photo_on_2011-04-18_at_12.23.jpg width="353" height="265"]] ||  ||
 * **Reaction 2:**
 * Precipitate Copper (II) Nitrate**

Water is added to Copper (II) Nitrate to make reaction more visible || || Water added to the Copper (II) Nitrate could have introduced impurities to the solution. ||
 * Copper (II) Nitrate with Sodium Hydroxide

Solution is found to be mildly warmed || || Some copper ions could have been left on the stirring rod. The dropper pipette and stirring rod used in this step may have further added more impurities to the solution, as the dropper pipette may not been cleaned properly, and the stirring rod was left on the table after stirring the solution. ||
 * Color Change || [[image:photo-2.JPG width="384" height="288"]] ||  ||
 * **Reaction 3:**
 * Make Copper (II) Oxide**

Heating Copper (II) Hydroxide || || In this process of heating, the stirring rod was used. Thus, copper ions may have remained on the stirring rod. ||
 * Color change in the process of heating creating Copper (II) Oxide || [[image:Picture_2.png]] ||  ||
 * Copper (II) Oxide || [[image:photo-9.JPG width="384" height="288"]] || Some copper ions could have been remained on the glass of the beaker. And as the beaker was left under the wire gauze, parts of the clay could have fallen into the solution (source of impurity). ||
 * Petri Dish after the water has evaporate || [[image:Petri_dish.JPG width="384" height="288"]] || Copper ions are lost during the process of decanting the solution. Some copper ions were found in the petri dish that was left to evaporate. ||
 * **Reaction 4:**
 * Make Copper (II) Chloride**

Copper (II) Chloride || || In this process of adding hydrochloric acid, copper ions once again could have remained on the stirring rod and the stirring rod and beaker used to add hydrochloric acid could be a source of impurities. || Right: water || || The filtrate collected was a little cloudy. We think this is because of the hot tap water we used to soak the filter paper. The tap water was probably comprised of other metal alloys, which reacted with our filtrate. ||
 * **Reaction 5:**
 * Precipitate Copper (II) Phosphate** || [[image:precipitate2.JPG width="400" height="300"]] ||  ||
 * || [[image:precipitate.JPG width="400" height="300"]] ||  ||
 * || [[image:heating_precipitate.JPG width="400" height="300"]] ||  ||
 * || [[image:filtering2.JPG width="400" height="300"]] || Millions of Copper ions were lost ,when the solution was spilled onto the counter, while pouring it through the filter. ||
 * || [[image:color_difference.JPG width="400" height="300"]] || Copper ions were lost on the outside of the beaker. ||
 * There was a blue tint to the filtrate, which meant that some copper ions were lost. || [[image:copper_on_the_beaker.JPG width="400" height="300"]] ||  ||
 * || [[image:file:///Users/amelia/Desktop/photo%282%29.JPG]][[image:photo(2).JPG width="384" height="288"]] || Some impurities in the beaker include the rust from the iron ring that we use to hold the beaker during heating, and also beaker that we used to collect the filtrate may have had some impurities because it was not very clean. ||
 * The filtration process from **Reaction 5** had to be repeated again because our filtrate had a blue tint to it, which meant that there were many copper ions lost. || [[image:photo(4).JPG width="384" height="288"]] ||  ||
 * Left: filtrate
 * **Reaction 6:**
 * Sulfuric Acid added with Copper (II) Phosphate. The result is a blue solution of Copper (II) Sulfate.** || [[image:Photo_2.jpg width="384" height="288"]] || Some Copper ions could have been lost during this process of filtration. There was some blue at the tip of the funnel that was not be filtered with the rest of the solution. ||
 * Filtrate Copper (II) Sulfate collected in the beaker. || [[image:Photo_3.jpg width="384" height="288"]] ||  ||
 * **Reaction 7: Zinc is added to the Copper (II) Sulfate solution.**

Zinc dissolves as zinc sulfate and the copper reappears as a solid metal. || ||   ||
 * || [[image:photo.JPG width="384" height="288"]] || After a few days there still were pieces of zinc remaining. First we tried to take the zinc out with a metal spoon, however, there was copper stuck on some of the zinc. We did not want to lose any copper, so we added more Sulfuric acid to disintegrate the zinc. ||